What's New? – Recent Updates & Additions
July 13, 2025
PSB Songs Used in Films and "Non-musical" TV Shows
Thanks to Regis P. for informing me that today, before the start of the Wimbledon Gentlemen's singles final on BBC1, an instrumental rendition of "It's a Sin" could be heard around 4:00 p.m. London time as the background music while Jannick Sinner's results were shown onscreen. (Regis also pointed out the musical pun on the athlete's name, which I feel like a dummy for missing.) Unless I'm mistaken, the Pet Shop Boys have never released an "authorized" instrumental version of "It's a Sin." Perhaps there's an "unauthorized" but otherwise "authentic" PSB version that I'm not aware of. Also, apparently there's a very authentic-sounding instrumental version out there online and on bootlegs, created by someone else, that's all but indistinguishable from the backing track of the PSB original. But I have no way of knowing if this is what was used by the BBC. Another perhaps more likely possibility is that they used a extended instrumental segment from one of the many officially released remixes. Right now I have no way of knowing for sure. Whatever the case, I've noted this in the entry for that song at #21 in my list of PSB songs used in films and non-musical TV shows.
July 12, 2025
PSB Songs Performed by Other Artists
Thanks to Amit Malka for telling me about a new cover of "Domino Dancing" by the Israeli production team Electrobite, which I've now noted in the entry for that song on my page devoted to Pet Shop Boys songs performed by other artists. Most interestingly, the songwriting credit adds Stock-Aitken-Waterman because, toward the end, they interpolate a bit of the SAW-written Rick Astley classic "Never Gonna Give You Up" into the background vocals. They also insert a brief spoken segment that closely resembles Neil's spoken portion of the song—and in a voice that sounds very much like Neil—although it doesn't sound quite the same. Is it an actual sample or is it an AI-generated replication? I suspect the latter, but I'll need more authoritative info to know for sure. If you would like to hear this new remake, it's available on YouTube and elsewhere online.
July 11, 2025
Personal Observations
Thanks to Jeff Durst for pointing out to me an apparent discepancy that I hadn't noticed. In the online images of the upcoming Blu-ray release of Battleship Potemkin with the Tennant-Lowe score, the Blu-ray packaging credits "Music by Pet Shop Boys" as opposed to the "Tennant-Lowe" credit, as always, on the CD. Is this simply an oversight on the Blu-ray packaging—an outright mistake? Is it an intentional marketing strategy under the logical presumption that "Pet Shop Boys" will attract more buyers than "Tennant/Lowe"? Or is it intentional for more nuanced reasons? Years ago, I recall Neil saying something to the effect that, while "Tennant/Lowe" is the proper credit for the composers of the film score, "Pet Shop Boys" nevertheless are (along with the Dresden Sinfoniker) the performers of the music. So is the Blu-ray packaging merely a formal acknowledgment of this differentiation? Perhaps the Boys themselves will soon address this point themselves.
July 10, 2025
Happy birthday to Neil Tennant!
Breaking News!
The Pet Shop Boys' official website has just announced that, in observation of the centenary of the silent classic Battleship Potemkin, a special Blu-ray edition of the film accompanied by the 2005 Tennant-Lowe score will be released on September 5. Advance orders can be placed on their website. Please note that, however, that this is a Region B Blu-ray (or, as the PSB shop puts it, Region 2), so it may not play on your particular Blu-ray player. (Thanks to Jeff Schapira for alerting me to this fact, which I hadn't originally noticed, and to Dave F. for giving me the lowdown on the proper designations for Blu-ray encoding.) Also, depending on where you live, the shipping fees may exceed the price of the Blu-ray set itself. So far there's no word of a U.S./Region A release, but I'll be keeping my eyes open for that!
July 8, 2025
Mixes/Versions
Thanks to Richard Firth for pointing out that Shep Pettibone's House and Holiday mixes of "Always on My Mind" can be found on the special 3x12" edition of Introspective. I've now noted this in the "Mixes/Version" section for that song.
That being said and done, please note that I have never intended for my Mixes/Versions notes to be comprehensive with regard to where each mix or version of a song can be found. I would consider that a daunting, time-consuming task highly prone to error, a source of ongoing trouble, and something that adds little to our understanding of the songs themselves. So why do I ever cite where any of them can be found at all? Good question. Maybe I shouldn't. But I believe it's because at some point people started asking me about it, sometimes even doubting that certain mixes existed, so I decided to provide "evidence" for at least some of them.
July 7, 2025
Books About the Pet Shop Boys
It has just occurred to me that, although I had included the 2017 publication Classic Pop Presents Pet Shop Boys - Special Edition on my page dedicated to books about the Pet Shop Boys, I had neglected to add the second volume of that special edition, published last year. I've now corrected that oversight.
And I figured that, since I've now received a copy of the prospective cover of the second volume of my own upcoming Pet Shop Boys books, I could go ahead and jump the gun, so to speak, and include those two books there as well. Since the images I post on that page are quite small, I'll share larger images of both of those covers here. As a reminder, these books are scheduled for publication toward the end of October (Volume 1) and March (Volume 2).
July 4, 2025
Strange But True Incidents Involving the Pet Shop Boys
Song AnnotationsIt occurred to me just a a few minutes ago that the Nonetheless track "The Secret of Happiness" prominently features the word "butterflies," while right around the time that the Boys were composing songs for that album, an academic paper was published announcing that four newly discovered species of butterfly had been named for Neil, Chris, one of their albums, and one of their songs. Mere coincidence? Maybe, maybe not. But whatever the case, I've noted this fact both in a new annotation to my commentary on that song and in an addendum to my discussion of these butterflies on my page devoted to strange but true incidents involving the Pet Shop Boys.
Tracks in Which Only One of the Boys Was Deeply Involved
Today has seen the release of the new album Self Titled by U.K. poet/spoken word artist Kae Tempest, which includes the track "Sunshine on Catford" with guest vocals by Neil Tennant. I've now posted an entry for this song in my section devoted to tracks in which only one of the Pet Shop Boys was deeply involved.
In the meantime, I wish a very happy and safe Independence Day to my fellow U.S. site visitors.
July 2, 2025
Personal Observations
I was surprised and delighted earlier today to find a vinyl copy of Nonetheless in the record bin at our local Barnes & Noble store. It's the first time I've seen a new (that is, unused) vinyl edition of a Pet Shop Boys album in a "brick and mortar" store in—well, I really don't know how long. Certainly many years, perhaps as much as a decade. But my delight turned to dismay when I flipped it over and saw the price! I was shocked to see a price of $31.99! (For the sake of my many U.K. site visitors, that's about £23.44!) I mean, I believe the last time I bought a vinyl album, they were generally going for about one-third that price, which just goes to show both how long it's been since I've purchased a vinyl album and how old I am.
July 1, 2025
Wayne's "PSB Dreams"
Having spent the bulk of my free time over the past week working in one way or another on Pet Shop Boys-related activities—first creating new caricatures for various pages on my website and then reviewing the galley proofs of my upcoming book—I shouldn't be surprised that they once again turned up in a dream last night. It's my first such dream of 2025, at least that I can recall. I've described it in a new entry on my "PSB dreams" page. If you're interested in that sort of thing, I invite you to read about it.
June 29, 2025
What's New?
Thanks to both John McFadden and Steve N. for letting me know that the Pet Shop Boys were among the performers at a special fundraising gala at London's Tate Modern Museum on June 25. Since they undoubtedly performed only a few songs—certainly not anywhere near their full Dreamworld Tour setlist—I'm not going to list this performance on my PSB Tours page, but will instead consider it a "one-off." I do, however, wish I knew which songs they performed so that I could make any necessary updates to that page related to such one-off shows. But no info on that yet.
Incidentally, day before yesterday I received a copy of the galley proofs of my upcoming book Pet Shop Boys: Song by Song Vol. 1 (1984-2004), which I'm currently busy reviewing for needed corrections (of which there are a few). It comes to 224 pages in length not counting a section of probably 16 pages in the center for illustrations, mostly of selected album and single sleeves. So far we're still on schedule for its planned late October publication.
PSB Tracks That Contain Samples of Other Artists' Music
Thanks to Andrew Shaw for calling my attention to the distinct possibility that "The Theatre" contains samples from recordings by Peech Boys and Plez, which I've noted at #26 in the "probably" (but not certain) section of my list of PSB tracks that contain samples of other artists' music. Both Andrew and I credit the highly useful but sometimes rather unreliable "Who Sampled" website as the original source of this information. I say "sometimes rather unreliable" in that you can't necessarily take what's stated there as the gospel truth, often because its contributors don't always seem to understand what does and doesn't constitute an actual "sample." But if you use it as a starting point and then investigate the matter for yourself to come to your own conclusions, then it's indeed extremely helpful.
June 28, 2025
Updates/Corrections
Thanks so much to Richard Eastham for correcting me on the date of the composition of the romantic standard "A Nightingale Sang in Berkeley Square," which is referred to in the lyrics of "Bright Young Things." I've made the appropriate adjustments to my commentary on that Pet Shop Boys song.
June 25, 2025
My Favorite Artists Other Than the Pet Shop Boys
Thanks to Richard Firth for suggesting that I add to my "PSB Connections" for Pink Floyd (on my "other favorite artists" page) the fact that the Boys incorporated in their live renditions of "Opportunities (Let's Make Lots of Money)" during their Nightlife and Electric Tours brief instrumental segments clearly derived from (but probably not actually sampled from) the familiar bassline and "monetary sound effects" of the 1973 Floyd classic "Money."
Personal Observations
Richard also asked a question that may be swirling about in others' minds as well: namely, why do so many of the new caricatures of the Pet Shop Boys scattered about on my website make them look so "grumpy"? As I explained to Richard, it's in the very nature of caricatures to exaggerate the subject's traits and characteristics, including (when possible) aspects of their personalities that can be conveyed visually. I'm afraid the Boys have long had a reputation as being "grumpy" types—which, to be honest, they themselves have often played up in decades of publicity photos. Even though, as we fans know, that's an oversimplification and stereotype, the A.I. routines I used to generate these new graphics latch onto it for the purpose of generating caricatures. It goes with the territory of being a celebrity. That being said, there are several caricatures of the Boys on my "Wayne's PSB Dreams" page where they are not depicted as grumpy. In fact, sometimes they're smiling or even laughing. In each of those cases, I had to instruct the A.I. routine specifically to give them "happier" expressions. But left to its own devices, A.I. will probably always present them scowling.
June 24, 2025
PSB Album "Replacements"
While rummaging around on my website a short while ago (more about that in a moment), I noticed that I had neglected to update my whimsical "PSB Album 'Replacements'" page with speculation about the most recent Pet Shop Boys studio album, Nonetheless, and its associated single b-sides. If you recall, the conceit of this page is to consider "replacing" the least popular track on an album—as determined by my Rating Project—with the most popular b-side from that same period. I've now remedied that oversight. But remember—the final decision, for good or ill, is mine and mine alone.
Mixes/Versions
Thanks to Erik H. for alerting me to the fact that I hadn't yet updated the "Mixes/Versions" sections for all of the pertinent songs to accomodate the release of DiscoVery: Live in Rio on CD a couple of years ago. Quite remiss of me. But I've now addressed that oversight.
Updates/Corrections
Over the past few days I've been experimenting with using A.I. to generate some graphics for my website. You see, as a highly experienced and reasonably talented writer (if I do say so myself), I would never use A.I. to generate writing that I would then pass off as my own. Never! But I really can't draw worth a damn. Regardless, I've always been extremely fond of caricatures. So I thought it would be fun to use A.I. to generate some caricatures of various people discussed here on my website, myself included. I've now scattered the results of my efforts on various pages, including my home page (the Boys themselves, of course), "Meet the Webmaster," "My Favorite Artists Other Than the Pet Shop Boys," "In Memoriam," "Wayne's 'PSB Dreams'," and my brief comparison of PSB with Erasure. I may post additional graphics of this sort in the days to come. Whatever the case, I hope you like them and it's been well worth the effort, if only because I've had a lot of fun doing it.
June 21, 2025
Songs That the Pet Shop Boys Have Performed Live
Thanks so much to Catherine Walters for bringing to my attention a bit of an oversight. She observed that I hadn't included in my table of songs the Pet Shop Boys have performed live Neil's live performance back in March of "Everybody's Talking" (a cover of a Fred Neil song made into a 1969 hit by Harry Nilsson ) as a song that Neil had performed live without Chris. As I noted in my reply to her, I've been including in that list (with regard to Neil "solos") only PSB songs that Neil has performed live without Chris—and, for that matter, only PSB songs that they haven't performed live together. But I hadn't made that particular point clear in the prefatory information for that list. Thanks to Catherine, I've now seen fit to rectify that oversight.
And thanks also to Stacy M for alerting me to the fact that I had neglected to include "Disappointed," "Getting Away with It," and "The Patience of a Saint" to that same table despite the fact that both Chris and Neil have indeed together performed it live onstage with Electronic on at least one and perhaps more than one occasion. I've now addressed that oversight as well.
June 19, 2025
Song Annotations
I've made a significant correction to a new annotation I made a few days ago to "The Man on the Television" (see June 14 below) and have also added a brand new one.
Songs That the Pet Shop Boys Have Performed Live
Thanks to C.M. for pointing out that the Pet Shop Boys added "The Pop Kids" to their Dreamworld Tour setlist for their recent concert in Seville. I've made the appropriate adjustments to the Dreamworld Tour listings on my page devoted to songs they've performed live.
June 16, 2025
PSB Tours
Updates/CorrectionsThe Pet Shop Boys have just announced that, on account of circumstances beyond their control, the "This Is Navalny" memorial concert that they were scheduled to headline has been canceled. I'll make the appropriate adjustments here on my website on my PSB Tours page and my entry for the track "Hymn (In Memoriam Alexei Navalny)."
June 14, 2025
Song Annotations
Thanks to Richard Firth for providing a likely explanation for a rather obscure reference in the opening line of the pre-PSB Neil Tennant demo "The Man on the Television." I now share it with you in a new annotation to my commentary on that song. (UPDATE: New information, however—see June 19 above—has necessitated a major change to this annotation.)
Thank You
Having her permission to do so, I've added Jessica S. to my Thank You page in recognition of her contribution of information yesterday (see just below).
June 13, 2025
Updates/Corrections
Thanks so much to Jessica S. for sharing a link to an interview conducted in 1990 for French television in which Neil and Chris reveal more than pretty much anywhere else—and even then, it's not very much—about the origins of the title of their album Behaviour. They seem rather indecisive on the matter, with Neil going so far as to say that it can only be "post-rationalized," but observing that they didn't want it to be "funny" and "it looked good with the artwork." He pointed out, however, that the title was Chris's idea. For his part, Chris sounded similarly evasive, but noted that he "liked the sound of the word" and that "some people's behaviour can be annoying." I've used this information to expand slightly on what I've written about it in my introduction to that album.
Major PSB VHS/LD/DVD Releases
The Pet Shop Boys' official website reports this morning that their live Dreamworld Blu-ray release, having been previously delayed, is now postponed at least until "early 2026" because of "an ongoing publishing dispute over one of the songs." There's no word as to which song that is, although "I Can't Take My Eyes Off You" (performed in medley with "Where the Streets Have No Name") was previously subject to just such a dispute back in the 1990s. Perhaps at some point we'll learn whether that's again the case this time around; I suspect the dispute itself accounts for the current reticence on that point.
In Memoriam
Thanks to Eddie Xavier for letting me know that the Pet Shop Boys are the many celebrities who appear as interviewees in the new documentary The World According to Allee Willis, a fact that I've now noted at the end of my entry for Willis on my "In Memoriam" page. They appear briefly about 51 minutes in, talking of course about collaborating with her on composing "What Have I Done to Deserve This?"
June 11, 2025
Personal Observations
My Favorite Artists Other Than the Pet Shop BoysI'm very, very sorry to learn that Brian Wilson has just passed away at the age of 82. As the founder, leader, and primary musical force behind the Beach Boys as well as (in his later years) a solo artist, he's responsible for a great deal of my most beloved music. As a matter of fact, I count the Beach Boys as my all-time favorite rock/pop band, seriously rivaled only by the Beatles and, yes, the Pet Shop Boys. Modern popular music owes him an incalculable debt of gratitude.
Incidentally, in one of those bizarre coincidences that happen every now and then, it was just two days ago that we lost another giant of the "Boomer soundtrack," so to speak: Sly Stone, who like Brian passed away at the age of 82.
June 9, 2025
Personal Observations
The "site-redirect" attacks suffered by my website twice over the past few months—situations in which my website was corrupted in such a way that site visitors were automatically switched to a different website after trying to access my homepage—are hardly unique. I've just read on a cybersecurity website that I often consult that such site-redirect attacks are on a sudden pronounced upswing, with malicious hackers finding ways to insert code onto all sorts of websites in order to force people to visit their own alternate sites, which often have hyperlinks that will download viruses and other types of malware onto the people's computers or cellphones. (For instance, they'll often say things like, "Click here to learn more." And if you do click there, you'll infect your device.) So I'm far from alone as a target. I just want to give you all a heads-up about this nasty trend. If you try to visit my website—or, for that matter, any website—and you find that it automatically sends you to some other site, please do NOT click on any links on that "new" site. In the meantime, I'll do my best to keep my website free of such attacks, although I've found that they often occur overnight, while the hosts are sleeping, so that the hackers will have at least a few hours to conduct their nefarious business before the website owners they've attacked catch on and are able to work on rectifying the problem.
Updates/Corrections
Thanks to Andrew Shaw for catching a typo, now corrected, on my "On This Day in Pet Shop Boys History" page.
June 8, 2025
PSB Songs That Have Been Used in Films and Non-Musical TV Shows
Thanks once again to Andy P, this time for telling me that the opening of "West End Girls" played at the start of another new episode of the BBC sitcom The Power of Parker. I've now noted this in the entry for that song at #1 in my list of Pet Shop Boys songs that have been used in films and non-musical television shows.
June 7, 2025
PSB Songs That Have Been Used in Films and Non-Musical TV Shows
Thanks to Andy P for letting me know that an instrumental segment of "In the Night" can be heard in a new episode of the BBC sitcom The Power of Parker. I've noted this in the lengthy entry for that song at #2 in my list of Pet Shop Boys songs that have been used in films and non-musical television shows.
June 6, 2025
Updates/Corrections
As announced this morning on their official website, the Pet Shop Boys are now streaming new mixes of "Hymn (In Memoriam Alexei Navalny)." I've therefore made several corresponding adjustments to my page for that song. I've also noted the new video to the "peripheral" section of my page devoted to the Pet Shop Boys' music videos.
June 5, 2025
Personal Observations
My website was down for several hours today, a problem that I initially suspected lay on my own computer but which I eventually determined was the result of the second malicious "redirect attack" against my website in the few months. Fortunately, I was able to track down the source of the problem (apparently a file somehow embedded without my knowledge within my site's code-structure by some outside bad actor), isolate it, and eliminate it—knock on wood. My site now appears to be working again. I apologize for any inconvenience, and I sincerely hope any redirect it may have caused didn't result in your own computer being infected in any way. I've run three different virus scans on my own computer and I appear to be "clean."
This problem also forced me to delay making the following two updates, which otherwise I probably would've gotten to several hours earlier.
PSB Songs That Have Been Used in Films and Non-Musical TV Shows
Thanks to Jarek Staszkowian for letting me know that "It's a Sin" can be heard in an episode of the 2023 Polish television series Warszawianka. I've noted this in the entry for that song at #21 in my list of Pet Shop Boys songs used in films and non-musical TV shows.
Song Annotations
Thanks to David B. for suggesting that the title of the song "Dancing Star" may (emphasis there on the "may") have been inspired by a quotation by the nineteenth-century German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, from his work Also Sprach Zarathustra. I've mentioned this possibility in a new second bullet-point annotation to my commentary on that song.
June 4, 2025
PSB Concert Tours
Various websites are reporting this morning that the Pet Shop Boys are slated to headline The "This Is Navalny" memorial concert for Alexei Navalny in Berlin on June 28. This event has been confirmed on the Boys' own website. I've thus updated my PSB Concert Tours page to include this date. And thanks to Alexey from Russia for bringing it to my attention!
June 3, 2025
Strange But True Incidents Involving PSB
Thanks so much to Matt McLauchlin for telling me about a remarkable 2021 scientific article that documents a Hungarian biologist's discovery of several new species of African butterfly, each of which he has named in honor of the Pet Shop Boys and their music. I believe this story certainly qualifies for a new spot in my list of strange but true incidents involving the Pet Shop Boys. And thanks again to Matt for alerting me to an appendix to this scientific paper (which I hadn't originally accessed) in which the biologist discusses his PSB fandom and why he named these species as he did.
June 1, 2025
Updates/Corrections
Song AnnotationsThanks to Alk both for pointing out a broken link (now removed) from my Closer to Heaven page and for suggesting a new annotation (related to the line "A thousand flowers will bloom where you run") to the song "Run, Girl, Run."
May 30, 2025
PSB Songs Performed by Other Artists
Thanks to Richard Firth for suggesting that I add the obscure (and possibly not even officially released) David Sanz cover of "Was It Worth It?" to my page devoted to Pet Shop Boys songs performed by other artists, which I've now done. As I describe there, Sanz gave the Pet Shop Boys a CD that included his acoustic cover of the song, on which the Boys then based their own live arrangement of it for their 1999-2000 Nightlife Tour (as they note in the Nightlife Further Listening booklet). Recordings of the track can be found online, such as on Soundcloud.
May 29, 2025
Updates/Corrections
Thanks to Rafael Moretti for pointing out that I had overlooked mentioning that the Pet Shop Boys' live recording of "Girls & Boys" was recorded in Rio de Janeiro and is available on CD not only as the b-side of "Paninaro '95" but also on the 2021 CD reissue of the live DiscoVery show. I've now made the appropriate updates.
May 25, 2025
Personal Observations
Thanks so much to George "Jammer" Dashevsky for sharing a YouTube video link to the Norwegian chorus Knauskoret's a cappella performance of "It's a Sin." Although I'm not inclined to add it to my PSB covers page, I think it's delightful and well worth mentioning here.
May 24, 2025
Films That Have Featured PSB Songs
PSB Songs That Have Been Used in Films and "Non-musical" TV ShowsThanks to John McFadden for letting me know that the Eighth Wonder rendition of "I'm Not Scared" is used in the new Netflix film Fear Street Prom Queen. I've noted this fact in two of my lists: films that have featured Pet Shop Boys songs and PSB songs that have been used in films and non-musical TV shows. (If these two lists seem redundant, yes, they pretty much are, but they approach the subject from two different angles. So I prefer to consider them "complimentary" rather than "redundant.")
May 23, 2025
Updates/Corrections
Thanks to a long-time site visitor but first-time correspondent who goes by the handle "hingle" and whom I've added to my Thank You page for reporting a typo (which I've now corrected) on my page listing other "miscellaneous" songs released by the Pet Shop Boys.
By the way, Amazon is selling the Sleep of Reason CD again, so I've re-placed my order. Let's see if I actually get a copy this time!
May 17, 2025
Personal Observations
Neil Tennant and Mark Springer appeared briefly on BBC Radio 3 this morning to discuss their recent Sleep of Reason collaboration. You can listen to their segment on the BBC Sounds website, starting at about the 47:37 mark and continuing to about 55:30.
On a separate note altogether, I'm extremely frustrated that, just as Amazon had canceled my order of Sleep of Reason exactly two weeks ago for no apparent reason, they've now canceled my order of the PSB Dreamworld Blu-ray/CD set, simply saying that it's "unavailable." So I'm apparently going to have to find another way to obtain it. (FYI, Blu-ray discs are region-coded, so I have to be sure I get one that will play in the the States. And I'm not going to purchase a brand new player simply to get one that will play any disc, regardless of where it comes from.) Are shipments of U.K. products being restricted on account of tariffs? And is this also going to cause some problem for the distribution of my upcoming books, which have a U.K.-based publisher? Grrrrr….
May 16, 2025
PSB Concert Tours
As announced this morning on the Pet Shop Boys' official website, they will be appearing on August 9 at the Way Out West Festival in Gothenburg, Sweden. I've updated my PSB Concert Tours page accordingly.
May 15, 2025
PSB Songs Performed by Other Artists
The Scottish singer/band Hamish Hawk will include a remake of "So Hard" on their upcoming EP Covers II. I've therefore noted this fact on my page devoted to Pet Shop Boys songs performed by other artists.
May 14, 2025
Mixes/Version
Thanks to Malte Kierblewsky for suggesting some revisions and additions to my mixes/versions for a number of tracks. While for various reasons I won't be making all of these updates, I have added the Thunderpuss 2000 Radio Edit for "New York City Boy" and the Dark Horse Mix for "She's Madonna."
All text on this website aside from direct quotations (such as of lyrics and of other nonoriginal content) is copyright © 2001-2025 by Wayne Studer. All Rights Reserved. All lyrics and images are copyright © their respective dates by their respective owners. Brief quotations and small, low-resolution images are used for identification and critical commentary, thereby constituting Fair Use under U.S. copyright law. If, however, the owners of any copyrighted items object to their use on this site, I will immediately remove the pertinent items upon request and verification. Billboard chart data are copyright © their respective dates by Billboard Media, LLC.